CPD The signicance of temperature itself is more detailed in a 2020 article published IN THE #) 3% *OURNAL h4AKING THE TEMPERATURE n DOMESTIC HOT WATERv WHICH LOOKS AT potentially reducing carbon and providing modern, safe, low energy solutions by focusing more on temperature and revising guidance (CIBSE, 2020). One method employed is a pasteurization regime. This consists of raising water temperature to over 70C, the point at which Legionella bacteria is eradicated and then ushing the system. A safe temperature returns allowing for water to be supplied as low AS # REDUCING CONSUMPTION The use of copper and silver ionization could potentially yield positive results, as it ALLOWS A LOW TEMPERATURE SYSTEM 4HIS REMOVES THERMOSTATIC MIXING VALVES 4-6S FROM the design, reducing money and energy consumption. A control routine dependant on water treatment could also allow for a low temperature system. A 2019 paper published by The American Journal of Infection, Controlling Legionella pneumophila in water systems at reduced hot water temperatures with copper and silver ionization studied the effectiveness of copper and silver ionization to control L pneumophila. 4HE REAT /RMOND 3TREET HOSPITAL HAS REMOVED 4-6S FROM THE SYSTEM DESIGN BY OPTING TO SUPPLY WATER CONSISTENTLY AT # INSTEAD RELYING ON COPPER SILVER WATER treatment protection. They concluded that not only had they saved money due to THE ASSOCIATED COSTS OF INSTALLED 4-6S BUT THAT THE ENERGY SAVINGS AND REDUCTION OF CARBON EMISSIONS AMOUNTED TO h AND RESPECTIVELY COMPARED TO AN EQUIVALENT temperature-controlled system. In over 6 years, there have been no cases of Legionella counts being detected. (Cloutman-Green, et al., 2019). Conclusion The benets of continuous ow are many. Technologically advanced continuous ow water heaters can be included as a booster to renewable heat sources like heat pumps or solar thermal. This serves to harness and optimise both renewables and fossil fuels and further reduce carbon without compromising on hot water performance and hygiene. -ODULATING SYSTEMS CONTAIN TURN DOWN RATIOS OF UP TO &OR INSTANCE IF A HEATER HAS A MAXIMUM OUTPUT OF K7 IT CAN MODULATE TO A MINIMUM OF K7 4HIS huge difference results in signicant reduction in energy consumption and emissions as its operating capacity of maximum power is rarely utilized. When combined with a temperature accurate supply of water of 1C, lightweight design and high efciency, these systems can contribute towards a low carbon future. References #) 3% 4AKING THE TEMPERATURE n domestic hot water. CIBSE Journal. #LOUTMAN REEN % ARBOSA 6 , *IMENEZ D., Wong, D., Dunn, H., Needham, B., . . . Hartley, J. C. (2019). Controlling Legionella pneumophila in water systems at reduced hot water temperatures with copper and silver ionization. American Journal of Infection Control. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. (2018). Clean Growth - Transforming Heating. Health & Safety Executive. (2014). Legionnaires disease. Part 2: The control of legionella bacteria in hot and cold water systems. For more details on RINNAI products visit www.rinnaiuk.com 54 April 2021 www.cibsejournal.com Advertisement Feature p51-54.CIBSEMagApr21.indd 54 23/03/2021 12:07